- Reason for Visit: Shortness of breath and cough.
- History of Presenting Illness: The patient is a 65-year-old male presenting with a two-week history of worsening shortness of breath, especially on exertion. He also reports a persistent cough, productive of clear sputum. He denies any fever, chest pain, or wheezing.
- Past Medical History: The patient has a history of COPD, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
- Current Medications: The patient is currently taking Salbutamol inhaler as needed, Ipratropium bromide inhaler twice daily, Lisinopril 20mg daily, and Atorvastatin 40mg daily.
- Allergies: No known drug allergies.
- Social History: The patient is a former smoker, having quit 5 years ago. He drinks alcohol occasionally. He denies any illicit drug use.
- Family History: Father had a history of lung cancer. Mother has hypertension.
Review of Systems:
- Constitutional symptoms: Denies weight change, fever, chills, night sweats, fatigue, or malaise.
- Eyes: Denies any eye symptoms.
- Ears, Nose, Mouth, Throat: Denies any ENT symptoms.
- Cardiovascular: Denies chest pain, orthopnea, or palpitations.
- Respiratory: Reports cough and shortness of breath.
- Gastrointestinal: Denies any gastrointestinal symptoms.
- Genitourinary: Denies any genitourinary symptoms.
- Musculoskeletal: Denies any musculoskeletal symptoms.
- Integumentary (Skin): Denies any skin symptoms.
- Neurological: Denies any neurological symptoms.
- Psychiatric: Denies any psychiatric symptoms.
- Endocrine: Denies any endocrine symptoms.
- Hematologic/Lymphatic: Denies any hematologic/lymphatic symptoms.
- Allergic/Immunologic: Denies any allergic/immunologic symptoms.
Examination:
- General: The patient appears to be in mild respiratory distress. Oxygen saturation is 92% on room air.
- Respiratory: Chest auscultation reveals decreased air entry bilaterally with scattered wheezes.
Investigations:
- Chest X-ray performed on 1 November 2024 showed hyperinflation and mild interstitial changes.
- Spirometry performed on 1 November 2024 showed an FEV1 of 55% predicted.
Impression & Plan:
1. Issue, problem, or request 1 (issue, request, or condition name only): COPD exacerbation
- Impression: COPD exacerbation.
- Differential diagnosis: Pneumonia, pulmonary embolism.
- Investigations planned: Repeat chest X-ray, arterial blood gas (ABG).
- Treatment planned: Increase Salbutamol inhaler to every 4 hours, Prednisolone 40mg daily for 5 days, and consider antibiotics if there is evidence of infection.
- Relevant referrals: Refer to respiratory physiotherapy.
2. Issue, problem, or request 2 (issue, request, or condition name only): Hypertension
- Impression: Hypertension, well-controlled.
- Differential diagnosis: Secondary hypertension.
- Investigations planned: Routine blood tests.
- Treatment planned: Continue Lisinopril 20mg daily.
- Relevant referrals: No referrals needed.
3. Additional issues, problems, or requests: Hyperlipidemia
- Impression: Hyperlipidemia, well-controlled.
- Differential diagnosis: Familial hypercholesterolemia.
- Investigations planned: Lipid panel.
- Treatment planned: Continue Atorvastatin 40mg daily.
- Relevant referrals: No referrals needed.