Pulmonary Clinic Note
Specify visit type: Initial Consult. The patient is here for an initial pulmonary consultation to evaluate chronic cough and shortness of breath.
Patient’s Name: Sipho Dlamini
Date of Service: 01/11/2024
Consulting Physician: Dr. Lindiwe Nkosi, Pulmonologist
Referring Provider: Dr. Thabo Mkhize, CHC Kwa-Mashu
Chief Complaint:
Chronic cough and progressive shortness of breath for the past 6 months.
History of Present Illness:
Mr. Sipho Dlamini, a 55-year-old male, presents for evaluation of a chronic cough and progressively worsening shortness of breath. He reports the cough started approximately 6 months ago, initially dry but has recently become productive of clear to yellowish sputum, especially in the mornings. His shortness of breath is exertional, limiting his ability to walk more than 50 meters without needing to rest. He denies fever, chills, or night sweats.
He has previously been prescribed a salbutamol inhaler by the local clinic, which provides minimal, temporary relief. No other specific treatments have been attempted.
Previous chest X-ray from 3 months ago at the district hospital showed bilateral perihilar infiltrates and increased bronchial markings, with a provisional diagnosis of bronchitis. Sputum AFB and GeneXpert were negative for TB. No other significant diagnostic tests have been performed.
He has had no emergency room visits or hospitalisations related to this condition.
Currently, his symptoms are persistent, impacting his daily activities. He also reports occasional wheezing.
He worked as a mineworker for 20 years, retiring 5 years ago, and was regularly exposed to silica dust. He currently uses paraffin for heating and cooking in his informal settlement home.
He has a history of hypertension, managed with medication. No other significant comorbidities impacting respiratory health.
No previous specialist evaluations or record reviews relevant to this pulmonary condition.
His functional status is significantly impaired, he can no longer perform his previous odd jobs due to breathlessness. He is concerned about the progression of his symptoms and fears it might be a serious lung condition.
Past Medical and Surgical History:
- Hypertension – diagnosed 2010, on amlodipine
- Prior occupational exposure to silica dust
Current Medications:
- Amlodipine 5mg daily
- Salbutamol inhaler 2 puffs PRN (as needed)
Allergies:
- No Known Drug Allergies (NKDA)
Active Ambulatory Problems:
- Chronic cough (diagnosed 05/2024)
- Exertional dyspnoea (diagnosed 05/2024)
- History of silica exposure (diagnosed 1990)
- Hypertension (diagnosed 2010)
Family History:
Father died of lung cancer at age 70. No family history of asthma, TB, or COPD.
Social History:
- Tobacco Use: Smoked 1 pack per day for 30 years, quit 5 years ago. Total 30 pack-years.
- Alcohol Use: Occasional social drinking, 1-2 beers per week.
- Employment History: Mineworker for 20 years (1989-2009), exposed to silica dust.
- Living History: Lives in an informal settlement, uses paraffin for cooking and heating indoors.
- Home Exposures: Reports dampness and some visible mould in his living space.
Review of Systems:
- Respiratory: Chronic cough, productive sputum, exertional dyspnoea, occasional wheezing.
- Cardiovascular: No chest pain, no palpitations, no pedal oedema.
- Gastrointestinal: No nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, or constipation.
- Neurological: No headaches, dizziness, or syncope.
- Musculoskeletal: No joint pain or muscle weakness.
- Dermatological: No rashes or skin changes.
- Constitutional: No fever, chills, or unexplained weight loss.
OBJECTIVE
Vitals:
- Blood Pressure: 138/86 mmHg
- Pulse: 88 bpm
- Oxygen Saturation: 92% on room air, 88% with exertion (walking 50m)
- Weight: 65 kg (no significant change from previous)
- Height: 168 cm
Physical Exam:
- General Appearance: Thin built male, appears to be in mild respiratory distress at rest.
- Head: Normocephalic, no facial swelling.
- Eyes: Conjunctiva pink, pupils equally reactive to light.
- Cardiovascular Exam: Regular rate and rhythm, S1 S2 audible, no murmurs, rubs, or gallops.
- Chest/Lungs: Increased AP diameter, decreased air entry bilateral bases, scattered expiratory wheezes and occasional crackles noted predominantly in the lower lobes.
- Abdomen: Soft, non-tender, no hepatosplenomegaly, no masses.
- Extremities: No pedal oedema, no digital clubbing, good peripheral pulses.
- Neurological Exam: Alert, oriented x3, gross motor and sensation intact, no focal deficits.
Review of Imaging and Studies:
- 01/08/2024, Chest X-ray:
- Findings: Bilateral perihilar infiltrates, increased bronchial markings, suggestive of chronic bronchitis. No overt signs of active TB or significant pleural effusion.
- Impression: Chronic lung changes, likely occupational.
Assessment and Plan:
- Chronic cough and exertional dyspnoea secondary to suspected silicosis/occupational lung disease:
- Plan for high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest to further characterise lung parenchyma changes.
- Order full pulmonary function tests (PFTs) including spirometry and DLCO.
- Referral to occupational health specialist for formal assessment.
- Continue Salbutamol PRN, consider adding a long-acting bronchodilator (e.g., tiotropium) after PFT results.
- Reinforce smoking cessation (though patient reports quitting 5 years ago, emphasize avoiding re-initiation).
- Hypertension:
- Continue Amlodipine 5mg daily. BP well controlled.
- Advise on regular home BP monitoring.
Follow-up:
Schedule follow-up appointment in 4-6 weeks to review HRCT and PFT results. Refer for HRCT scan at district hospital. Refer to Occupational Health Clinic at regional hospital.
Pulmonary Health Maintenance:
- Influenza vaccine: Discuss administration during follow-up.
- Pneumococcal vaccine: Discuss administration during follow-up.
- COVID-19 booster: Advise on eligibility and local availability.
- Smoking cessation support: Provide resources for relapse prevention.
Immunization History:
- Influenza: Not documented
- Pneumococcal: Not documented
- COVID-19: Last dose 15/03/2023
Pulmonary Clinic Note
[Specify visit type: Initial Consult/Follow-up] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely. Write in full sentences to clearly state the type of pulmonary visit.)
Patient’s Name: [Insert patient name] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely. Write full legal name.)
Date of Service: [Insert date] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely. Use DD/MM/YYYY format in line with South African standards.)
Consulting Physician: [Insert physician name] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely. Include full name and credentials.)
Referring Provider: [Insert referring provider if applicable] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely. Include name and facility if stated, e.g. CHC, district hospital.)
Chief Complaint:
[Describe the patient’s chief complaint or reason for visit] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely.)
History of Present Illness:
[Introduce the patient with age, relevant history, and reason for evaluation]
[Describe onset and progression of symptoms]
[Summarise prior treatments or interventions, including public sector prescriptions or oxygen from district hospitals]
[Summarise results of previous imaging and diagnostic testing (e.g. TB GeneXpert, sputum AFB, CXR findings)]
[Describe exacerbations and hospitalisations (e.g. ER visits at tertiary centres, admissions to state hospitals)]
[Describe current symptom status and associated complaints]
[Document environmental and occupational exposures, including mining, factory work, paraffin use, woodfire cooking]
[Describe relevant comorbidities impacting respiratory health]
[Summarise previous specialist evaluations and record reviews (e.g. pulmonologist at regional hospital, infectious diseases clinic follow-up)]
[Describe patient’s functional status and symptom impact on daily life]
[Summarise patient’s or family’s concerns and expectations]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit each line item entirely.)
Interval History:
[Summarise changes or events since last visit]
(Use bullet points. Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Past Medical and Surgical History:
[List relevant medical conditions and surgeries with dates]
- [e.g. Pulmonary TB – diagnosed 08/2021, completed treatment 03/2022]
- [e.g. HIV – on ART since 2016, latest VL undetectable 02/2023]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Current Medications:
[List current medications including dose, frequency, and route]
- [e.g. Salbutamol inhaler 2 puffs PRN]
- [e.g. Isoniazid 300mg daily – prophylaxis]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Allergies:
[List known allergies and reactions]
- [e.g. No Known Drug Allergies (NKDA)]
- [e.g. Penicillin – rash]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Active Ambulatory Problems:
[List currently active diagnoses with dates]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Resolved Ambulatory Problems:
[List resolved diagnoses with dates]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Family History:
[Document family history of relevant conditions such as asthma, TB, COPD, lung cancer]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Social History:
(Use bullet points. Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
- Tobacco Use: [Include pack years and cessation attempts if applicable]
- Marijuana Use: [Include route and frequency]
- Vaping: [Include frequency and brand/device if known]
- Alcohol Use: [Include quantity and type]
- Illicit Drug Use: [Include type and route]
- Employment History: [e.g. Mineworker for 12 years, exposed to silica dust]
- Living History: [e.g. Lives in informal settlement with indoor cooking using paraffin]
- Pets: [e.g. Keeps pigeons at home]
- Home Exposures: [e.g. Damp, visible mould on walls, unventilated space]
- Inhalant/Irritant Exposures: [e.g. Paint fumes, chemical factory]
- Other Identifiable Toxic Exposures: [e.g. Worked with asbestos in past employment]
Review of Systems:
[Summarise patient-reported symptoms by system]
(Use bullet points per system. Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
OBJECTIVE
Vitals:
- Blood Pressure: [Document BP reading]
- Pulse: [Document HR]
- Oxygen Saturation: [Document on room air and/or exertion]
- Weight: [Include kg and change from previous weight if known]
- Height: [Document in cm or metres]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Physical Exam:
- General Appearance: [e.g. Cachectic, in mild respiratory distress, alert]
- Head: [e.g. Normocephalic, no facial swelling]
- Eyes: [e.g. Conjunctiva pale]
- Cardiovascular Exam: [e.g. Regular rate and rhythm, no murmurs]
- Chest/Lungs: [e.g. Decreased air entry bilateral bases, coarse crackles RLL]
- Abdomen: [e.g. Soft, non-tender, no hepatosplenomegaly]
- Extremities: [e.g. No pedal oedema, no digital clubbing]
- Neurological Exam: [e.g. Alert, oriented x3, grossly intact motor and sensation]
(Only include items above if explicitly mentioned.)
Review of Laboratory Data:
(Only include if explicitly mentioned. Use bullet points under each relevant heading.)
- Electrolytes/Renal Function:
- Hematology:
- Liver Function Tests:
- Coagulation Studies:
- Inflammatory Markers/Infection:
- Metabolic Panel:
- Arterial Blood Gas:
- Additional Tests:
Review of Imaging and Studies:
- [Date, Type of Study:]
- Findings:
- Impression:
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Pulmonary Function Test Results:
- [Summarise FEV1, FVC, DLCO etc and interpret pattern if available]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Assessment and Plan:
[Summarise each active issue and plan, using bullet or numbered list]
- [e.g. Chronic asthma: continue ICS/LABA, reinforce spacer use, repeat PFTs in 3 months]
- [e.g. History of PTB with fibrosis: monitor symptom progression, consider HRCT]
- [e.g. Suspected COPD: initiate tiotropium, arrange smoking cessation referral]
Follow-up:
[Specify next clinic appointment, pending results, and referrals to e.g. state cardiology, CT scan at district hospital, DOTS programme, TB clinic]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Pulmonary Health Maintenance:
[List vaccination and screening plans, e.g.:]
- Influenza vaccine
- Pneumococcal vaccine
- COVID-19 booster
- Smoking cessation support
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
Immunization History:
[Summarise vaccinations administered, e.g.:]
- Influenza: [DD/MM/YYYY]
- Pneumococcal: [DD/MM/YYYY]
- COVID-19: [DD/MM/YYYY]
(Only include if explicitly mentioned.)
(Never come up with your own patient details, assessment, plan, interventions, evaluation, and plan for continuing care - use only the transcript, contextual notes, or clinical note as a reference for the information included in your note. If any information related to a placeholder has not been explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes, or clinical note, you must not state that the information has not been explicitly mentioned in your output, just leave the relevant placeholder or omit the placeholder completely.) (Use as many lines, paragraphs, or bullet points as needed to capture all the relevant information from the transcript.)