DATE:
1 November 2024
PROCEDURE:
"Gastroscopy"
PRE-PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS:
- Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Dysphagia
- Rule out Barrett's oesophagus
POST-PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS:
- Erosive oesophagitis, Grade B
- Small hiatal hernia
HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:
Mrs. Eleanor Vance, a 68-year-old female, was referred by her GP for evaluation of persistent dysphagia and worsening heartburn despite maximal medical therapy. Her symptoms started approximately 18 months ago, initially presenting as occasional heartburn after meals, which has progressed to daily occurrences and now includes difficulty swallowing solid foods. She reports occasional regurgitation but denies any weight loss, anaemia, or melaena. She had a previous gastroscopy 5 years ago which showed mild gastritis.
PAST GI HISTORY:
- Mild gastritis (5 years ago)
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) – diagnosed 10 years ago, managed with diet.
PAST HISTORY:
- Hypertension, controlled with medication
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, well-controlled with diet and metformin
- Cholecystectomy (15 years ago)
MEDICATIONS:
- Esomeprazole 40 mg once daily
- Amlodipine 5 mg once daily
- Metformin 500 mg twice daily
ALLERGIES:
- Penicillin (rash)
FAMILY HISTORY:
Her mother had a history of colon polyps. Her father passed away due to myocardial infarction and had no known GI conditions. No family history of oesophageal or gastric cancer.
SOCIAL HISTORY:
Mrs. Vance is a retired primary school teacher, living with her husband in a detached house. She is fully mobile and independent. She reports no current tobacco use, occasional social alcohol consumption (1-2 units per week), and denies illicit substance use.
PHYSICAL EXAM:
"The abdomen was soft, non-tender, with no hepatosplenomegaly or masses. Cardiovascular, respiratory, lymph node, and dermatological examinations were normal."
INVESTIGATIONS:
- Oesophageal manometry (3 months ago): showed hypotensive lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS).
- pH study (2 months ago): demonstrated abnormal acid exposure.
- Blood tests (1 month ago): unremarkable, no anaemia.
CONSENT:
"Informed consent was obtained after having reviewed the rationale and alternatives for the procedure as well as its risks, which include but are not limited to: sedation-related adverse effects, aspiration, post-procedural chest or abdominal discomfort, less than one percent risk of perforation with dilation potentially requiring surgical intervention and infection."
SEDATION:
"Intravenous conscious sedation consisting of midazolam 3 mg and fentanyl 50 mcg."
PROCEDURE:
"After a time out, with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position, the gastroscope was inserted into the oropharynx and carefully advanced with direct visualization to the level of the cricopharyngeus. Esophageal intubation was performed without difficulty. The gastroscope was gradually advanced and the entire esophageal mucosa was carefully visualized. The gastroscope was further advanced into the stomach and the mucosa of the gastric fundus, body, and antrum were slowly surveyed. The gastroscope was subsequently advanced into the duodenum for evaluation of the first and second portions. Satisfactory mucosal views were achieved with the use of irrigation and suctioning of all pools of residue, mucus and fluid, and retroflection. There was evidence of erosive oesophagitis (Los Angeles Classification Grade B) in the distal oesophagus and a small sliding hiatal hernia. Biopsies were taken from the distal oesophagus to rule out Barrett's oesophagus and from the gastric antrum for *Helicobacter pylori*. The gastroscope was removed and the patient was returned to the recovery room having tolerated the procedure well."
ASSESSMENT AND PLAN:
Assessment: Mrs. Vance presents with severe GERD and dysphagia, likely due to erosive oesophagitis and a small hiatal hernia, confirmed by gastroscopy. Biopsies have been taken to assess for Barrett's oesophagus and *H. pylori* infection.
Plan:
1. Continue Esomeprazole 40 mg daily. Increase to twice daily if symptoms persist.
2. Review biopsy results when available. If Barrett's oesophagus is confirmed, discuss surveillance protocol.
3. Consider referral for fundoplication if symptoms remain refractory to medical management and lifestyle changes.
4. Advise on lifestyle modifications: elevating head of bed, avoiding late-night meals, weight management.
5. Follow-up appointment in 6-8 weeks to discuss results and further management.
DATE:
[date of procedure] (Write as a single date, today's date.)
PROCEDURE:
"Gastroscopy"
PRE-PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS:
[pre-procedure diagnosis and indications for the procedure] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write as a list of brief points.)
POST-PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS:
[post-procedure diagnosis] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Do not put in information in this section from historical endoscopy reports.)
HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:
[description of the patient's presenting illness, including demographics, referral information, history of current symptoms, relevant past procedures, and recent clinical events] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write in paragraphs of full sentences.)
PAST GI HISTORY:
[list of relevant past gastrointestinal diagnoses, procedures, and related conditions] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write as a list of brief points.)
PAST HISTORY:
[list of relevant past medical history, including chronic conditions, surgeries, and other significant health issues] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write as a list of brief points.)
MEDICATIONS:
[list of current medications, including dosage, strength, and route] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write as a list of medications with details.)
ALLERGIES:
[list of known allergies or statement indicating no known allergies] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write as a list or a single statement.)
FAMILY HISTORY:
[description of relevant family medical history, including specific diseases or conditions] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write in paragraphs of full sentences.)
SOCIAL HISTORY:
[description of the patient's social history, including occupation, living situation, caregiver status, mobility, and history of tobacco, alcohol, or illicit substance use] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write in paragraphs of full sentences.)
PHYSICAL EXAM:
"The abdomen was soft, non-tender, with no hepatosplenomegaly or masses. Cardiovascular, respiratory, lymph node, and dermatological examinations were normal."
INVESTIGATIONS:
- [summary of relevant investigations, including dates and key findings from lab work, previous procedures, or imaging] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write as a list of brief points.)
CONSENT:
"Informed consent was obtained after having reviewed the rationale and alternatives for the procedure as well as its risks, which include but are not limited to: sedation-related adverse effects, aspiration, post-procedural chest or abdominal discomfort, less than one percent risk of perforation with dilation potentially requiring surgical intervention and infection."
SEDATION:
"Intravenous conscious sedation consisting of midazolam [] mg and fentanyl [] mcg." (Insert exactly from quotes. Do not put in information in this section from historical endoscopy reports)
PROCEDURE:
"After a time out, with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position, the gastroscope was inserted into the oropharynx and carefully advanced with direct visualization to the level of the cricopharyngeus. Esophageal intubation was performed without difficulty. The gastroscope was gradually advanced and the entire esophageal mucosa was carefully visualized. The gastroscope was further advanced into the stomach and the mucosa of the gastric fundus, body, and antrum were slowly surveyed. The gastroscope was subsequently advanced into the duodenum for evaluation of the first and second portions. Satisfactory mucosal views were achieved with the use of irrigation and suctioning of all pools of residue, mucus and fluid, and retroflection. [additional procedural details] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely.) The gastroscope was removed and the patient was returned to the recovery room having tolerated the procedure well. "
ASSESSMENT AND PLAN:
[summary of assessment findings and the proposed plan, including follow-up, further investigations, and management strategies] (Only include if explicitly mentioned in the transcript, contextual notes or clinical note; otherwise omit completely. Write in paragraphs of full sentences.)
(For each section, only include if explicitly mentioned in transcript or context, else omit section entirely. Never come up with your own patient details, assessment, plan, interventions, evaluation, or next steps—use only the transcript, contextual notes, or clinical note as reference for all information. If any information related to a placeholder has not been explicitly mentioned, do not state that in the output; simply leave the relevant placeholder or section out entirely. Use as many lines, paragraphs, or bullet points as needed to capture all relevant information from the transcript.)