Optometrist
- Issued prescription for glasses
* OD: Sphere -2.50, Cylinder -0.75, Axis 180, Distance Prism 0, Visual Acuity 6/6
* OS: Sphere -2.75, Cylinder -0.50, Axis 175, Distance Prism 0, Visual Acuity 6/6
* Near Add: +1.50 OU
* Near Prism: 0 OU
* Near Visual Acuity: N5 OU
- Dispensing recommendations
* Spectacles recommended: Yes, prescription is stable. Patient requires varifocals for distance and near correction, with high index lenses due to prescription strength.
- Sight test type:
* 16-59 years – All patients: 2 years
- NHS Early Retest Code:
* Not applicable; routine recall.
- Treatments:
* None mentioned.
- Follow-Up:
* Routine recall in 2 years for a full sight test. Return sooner if any new symptoms or vision changes occur.
- Patient Education:
* Advised on the benefits of varifocal lenses for seamless vision transition. Discussed the importance of regular eye examinations, especially with a family history of glaucoma. Provided information on proper lens care.
- Referrals:
* None at this time.
- Current Glasses
* OD: Sphere -2.25, Cylinder -0.50, Axis 170, Distance Prism 0, Visual Acuity 6/9
* OS: Sphere -2.50, Cylinder -0.50, Axis 175, Distance Prism 0, Visual Acuity 6/9
* Near Add: +1.25 OU
* Near Prism: 0 OU
* Near Visual Acuity: N8 OU
Subjective:
- Chief Complaint:
* Patient reports slightly blurred distance vision and increasing difficulty reading small print, especially in the evenings, for the past 6 months.
- History of Present Illness:
* Onset was gradual, approximately 6 months ago. Symptoms have steadily worsened, leading to occasional headaches after prolonged reading. No sudden vision loss or pain reported.
- Past Ocular History:
* No history of eye diseases or surgeries. Wears glasses for distance and has done so since age 25. First experience with presbyopia symptoms.
- Medical History:
* Generally healthy. Diagnosed with well-controlled hypertension 5 years ago. No other significant systemic conditions.
- Medication History:
* Lisinopril 10mg once daily for hypertension. No ocular medications.
- Allergies:
* Penicillin (rash).
- Family Ocular History:
* Mother had glaucoma (diagnosed in her 60s). Father wore glasses for presbyopia.
- Family Medical History:
* Father had type 2 diabetes. Mother has hypertension.
- Social History:
* Non-smoker. Consumes alcohol socially (1-2 units per week). Works as an accountant, spending significant time on a computer. Enjoys gardening and reading.
Objective:
- Vision:
* Unaided Visual Acuity: OD 6/18, OS 6/24
- Pinhole Vision:
* Pinhole Visual Acuity: OD 6/9, OS 6/12
- Visual Acuity:
* With current glasses: OD 6/9, OS 6/9
- Retinoscopy:
* OD: -2.50 / -0.75 x 180
* OS: -2.75 / -0.50 x 175
- Intraocular Pressure:
* Measurement method: Goldmann Applanation Tonometry
* OD: 16 mmHg (Normal)
* OS: 17 mmHg (Normal)
Anterior Segment:
- Lids and lashes:
* OU: Clear, no signs of inflammation or lesions.
- Cornea:
* OU: Clear, no opacities or staining noted.
- Anterior Chamber:
* OU: Deep and quiet. No cells or flare.
- Pupil Reactions:
* OU: Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation. No RAPD.
- Media:
* OU: Clear vitreous.
- Lens:
* OU: Clear, no cataracts observed.
Posterior Segment:
- Macula:
* OU: Flat, good foveal reflex. No drusen or oedema.
- Peripheral retina:
* OU: Attached, no tears, holes, or degenerations observed.
- Optic Discs:
* OU: Pink and healthy, distinct margins. C/D ratio 0.3, 0.3. No signs of cupping or nerve fibre layer loss.
- Retinal Vessels:
* OU: Normal calibre and tortuosity. Artery-to-vein ratio 2:3. No signs of retinopathy.
* Fundus examination performed via direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy following dilation with Tropicamide 1%.
- Additional Tests:
* None performed during this visit.
Assessment:
- Binocular Refraction:
* Orthophoric at distance and near. Good fusional reserves. No suppression.
- Foveal Suppression:
* No foveal suppression detected.
- Refraction Notes:
* Refraction refined from current spectacle correction, showing a slight increase in myopia and a new addition for presbyopia. Binocular balancing achieved excellent visual comfort.
- Myopia (H47.1)
- Presbyopia (H52.4)
- No significant differential diagnoses based on current findings.